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DISSIPATION
Dissipation-sefahet-
is a Quranic concept. Arabic word “sefahet”
has the sense of being brainless.
The word “sefih”- prodigal- is a subject
noun from the verb “sefehe”. The infinitive
of the verb is “sefih,sefeh”. The verb “sefeh”
literally means being flighty in behaviors and in attitude
and it stems from a deficiency in wisdom. So it is flightiness,
thoughtlessness and frivolousness which reach to the point
of stupidity. The opposite of it is serious mindedness and
cleverness. Canonically “sefehe” is to act contrary
to the principles of religion and mind. In Turkish the word
“sefahet” is used in this sense of the word.
Briefly “sefahet” - dissipation is to confirm
one’s fancy and desires, to act with pleasure, not
with mind. Because the mind is out of the process this is
stupidity. ,(Elmalili m. Hamdi Yazir, The True Religion,
Language of Quran, I, 234). The subject noun derived from
the verb “ sefih” both means the one whose mind
and religion is defective or a foolish sinner who acts against
religion. In the second one there is a sense of rebellion
but not in the first one. (Elmalili, ibid. II, 1992).
The word “sefih”
which is used in the Noble Quran for infidels, hypocrites-munafiq-
and also for the believers, is mentioned with its derivatives
in ten places. Although it has the same meaning for those
three groups its essence is different. That is to say: Infidels
and “munafiqs”- hypocrites -two faced in religion-
are defined as “sefih” because they do not recognize
Islam, concerning Muslims the word is used about the ones
whose mind is weak, about the children who do not grasp
something and for very old people.
As it is mentioned in
the Chapter Bakara, while hypocrites see themselves as clever
and intelligent, they consider believers as -sufeha-brainless
and prodigal. Allah declares that the real sufeha are the
hypocrites because while Islam is an evident truth, not
to acknowledge it, is nothing but being brainless.
“When
it is said to them: "Believe as the others believe"
they say: "Shall we believe as the fools believe?"
nay of a surety they are the fools buy they do not know.”
(Chapter Bakara, 2/13)
At the beginning of
the Verse the hypocrites are defined as “some people”
but subsequently because they do not have faith like people,
they are not accepted as human with their own confessing.
Like “munafiqs”
hypocrites, the Noble Quran also defines infidels as “sefih”
and explains that only the flighty ones who are depraved
of seriousness and thought turn a way from the religious
community of Abraham:
“Or
do ye say that Abraham Isma`il Isaac Jacob and the Tribes
were Jews or Christians? Say: Do ye know better than Allah?
Ah! who is more unjust than those who conceal the testimony
they have from Allah? But Allah is not unmindful of what
ye do! “ (Chapter Bakara, 2/140)
Again according to the
Noble Quran those who kill their babies because of anxieties
like sustenance or other thoughts of ignorance without event
think that the provider of the needs of man is Allah, are
brainless people depraved of faith,intelligence and wisdom
who can not think properly.
“Lost
are those who slay their children from folly without knowledge
and forbid food which Allah hath provided for them inventing
(lies) against Allah. They have indeed gone astray and heeded
no guidance.” (Chapter Enam, 6/140)
Again the Noble Quran defines the Jews as “sefih”
who distorted the Holy Book -the Old Testament- given to
them and who try to find an excuse for not to believe the
prophecy of the Apostle of Allah although they have the
information about Him and who interfere the will of Allah
by using the change of the direction during prays.
“The
fools among the people will say: "What hath turned
them from the Qiblah to which they were used?" Say:
To Allah belong both East and West; He guideth whom He will
to a Way that is straight.” (Chapter
Bakara,2/142)
While the Noble Quran
names infidels and hypocrites as brainless it also informs
that infidels and hypocrites called the Prophets sent to
them as brainless.
“The
leaders of the unbelievers among his people said: "Ah!
we see thou art an imbecile!" and "we think thou
art a liar!"
”He said: "O my people! I am
not imbecile but (I am) an apostle from the Lord and Cherisher
of the worlds!” (Chapter A’raf,7/66/67)
In other respect djinns
who saw the Truth by means of the last messenger and have
faith in Him called the satans who deceived them before
as brainless.
“There
were some foolish ones among us who used to utter extravagant
lies against Allah” (Chapter El-Jinn,
73/4)
People who can not spent
their life or wealth properly, children and very old people
who can not grasp the things and distinguish right from
wrong are also “sefih” and Quran forbids transferring
property to them and lending them money without their guardian,
if someone lend money to such a person in the absence of
his guardian the lender can not claim any right if the person
doesen’t pay back:
”
To those weak of understanding make not over your property
which Allah hath made a means of support for you but feed
and clothe them therewith and speak to them words of kindness
and justice”. (Chapter Nisa, 4/5)
“O
ye who believe! when ye deal with each other in transactions
involving future obligations in a fixed period of time reduce
them to writing. Let a scribe write down faithfully as between
the parties: let not the scribe refuse to write as Allah
has taught him so let him write. Let him who incurs the
liability dictate but let him fear his Lord Allah and not
diminish aught of what he owes. If the party liable is mentally
deficient or weak or unable himself to dictate let his guardian
dictate faithfully. And get two witnesses out of your own
men and if there are not two men then a man and two women
such as ye choose for witnesses so that if one of them errs
the other can remind her. The witnesses should not refuse
when they are called on (for evidence). Disdain not to reduce
to writing (your contract) for a future period whether it
be small or big: it is juster in the sight of Allah more
suitable as evidence and more convenient to prevent doubts
among yourselves; but if it be a transaction which ye carry
out on the spot among yourselves there is no blame on you
if ye reduce it not to writing. But take witnesses whenever
ye make a commercial contract; and let neither scribe nor
witness suffer harm. If ye do (such harm) it would be wickedness
in you. So fear Allah; for it is Allah that teaches you.
And Allah is well acquainted with all things.” (Chapter
Bakara, 2/282)
Ancient people were
punished and suffered torment because of the brainless people
like infidels, hypocrites, haughty people and the ones fond
of pleasures lived among them. This kind of punishment still
possible today as we see in calamities. The duty of believers
is to struggle against these brainless people and pray to
Allah like in the prayer of Prophet Moses:
“And
Moses chose seventy of his people for Our place of meeting:
when they were seized with violent quaking he prayed: "O
my Lord! if it had been Thy will Thou couldst have destroyed
long before both them and me: wouldst Thou destroy us for
the deeds of the foolish one among us? This is no more than
Thy trial: by it Thou causest whom Thou wilt to stray and
Thou leadest whom Thou wilt into the right path. Thou art
our protector: so forgive us and give us Thy mercy; for
Thou art the best of those who forgive.” (Chapter
A’raf, 7/155)
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